Audionahrávka MP3: The Book a Person’s Friend

Audionahrávka MP3: The Book a Person’s Friend

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The Book a Person’s Friend

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Topic number 22: The Book – a Person’s Friend....

People like reading books. It is one of the most favourite leisure activities. We can buy books in a bookshop or we can borrow them from a library...
We can read books anywhere – at home, on the bus or train, at the doctors’…..
The books are a good source of informations and entertainment. Reading books can be fun when it is a hobby, but it can also be boring. For example for students who have to study and learn a lot of information, when they have to take an exam or a test.....
Every year, the Nobel Prize for Literature is awarded to the writer whose work of fiction is considered unique and great. Nobel Prize winners are for example: Solzhenitsyn with One day of Ivan Denisovich. Samuel Beckett with Waiting for Godot. Jean-Paul Sartre with The wall......

Different kinds of books.
Literature can be divided into 2 categories.
1.) NON-FICTION BOOKS. They are usually for informations. They can be divided into:
Textbooks. They are educational books which contain informations about a subject. For example: mathematics, geography, or a foreign language.....
Dictionaries. They tell us about the meanings of words....
Encyclopaedias. They are large books and they contain a lot of facts and dates about different subjects. For example: the world encyclopaedias, the animal encyclopaedias and so on......
Biographies. They contain informations about a life of a famous person. For example: of a president, scientist and so on.... Sometimes there are also biographies about ordinary people.....
Autobiographies and memoirs....
Travel books.....
Art books....
Cookery books. They contain recipes and teach people how to cook different meals or bake cakes.......

2.) FICTION BOOKS.
There are 2 types of fiction books:
POETRY. It contains poems....
PROSE. It contains:
Fairy tale, short stories, westerns, science-fiction, crime novels, romantic novels, historical novel, and thrillers.......

Famous English writers.
There are many famous English writers. For example:
William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, Ernest Hemingway, Oscar Wilde, and so on....

Sum up about life of Charles Dickens.
Charles Dickens was born in 1812, and he was the main leader of an English realism. He grew up in a very poor family. His parents had problems with police, because they owe money for accommodation.... His father was small official and he was arrested in jail for debtors. Also his mother was later arrested so he had to earn money for living in age of twelve...... He was working in shoe shop. Because of his childhood he was usually writing about children without home and family. He usually derived from his own experience.....
His famous books, where is a child as a hero, are Oliver Twist, and David Copperfield......

His first book was Chronicle of a Pickwick club. In this book he criticised jails, poorhouses and social rates. This book brought him popularity and he became famous. Now I would like to speak about his well-known book and it’s called Christmas Carol....

Charles Dickens: Christmas Carol.
A mean-spirited, miserly old man named Ebenezer Scrooge sits in his counting-house on a frigid Christmas Eve. His clerk, Bob Cratchit, shivers in the anteroom because Scrooge refuses to spend money on heating coals for a fire. Scrooge's nephew, Fred, pays his uncle a visit and invites him to his annual Christmas party. Two portly gentlemen also drop by and ask Scrooge for a contribution to their charity. Scrooge reacts to the holiday visitors with bitterness and venom, spitting out an angry "Bah! Humbug!" in response to his nephew's "Merry Christmas!"......

Later that evening, after returning to his dark, cold apartment, Scrooge receives a chilling visitation from the ghost of his dead partner, Jacob Marley. Marley, looking haggard and pallid, relates his unfortunate story. As punishment for his greedy and self-serving life his spirit has been condemned to wander the Earth weighted down with heavy chains. Marley hopes to save Scrooge from sharing the same fate. Marley informs Scrooge that three spirits will visit him during each of the next three nights. After the wraith disappears, Scrooge collapses into a deep sleep.....

He wakes moments before the arrival of the Ghost of Christmas Past, a strange childlike phantom with a brightly glowing head. The spirit escorts Scrooge on a journey into the past to previous Christmases from the Scrooge´s earlier years. Invisible to those he watches, Scrooge revisits his childhood school days, his apprenticeship with a jolly merchant named Fezziwig. And his engagement to Belle, a woman who leaves Scrooge because his lust for money eclipses his ability to love another. Scrooge, deeply moved, sheds tears of regret before the phantom returns him to his bed......

The Ghost of Christmas Present takes Scrooge through London to unveil Christmas as it will happen that year. Scrooge watches the large, bustling Cratchit family prepare a miniature feast in its meager home. He discovers Bob Cratchit's crippled son, Tiny Tim, a courageous boy whose kindness and humility warms Scrooge's heart. The ghost then zips Scrooge to his nephew's to witness the Christmas party. Scrooge finds the gathering delightful and pleads with the spirit to stay until the very end of the festivities. As the day passes, the spirit ages, becoming noticeably older. Toward the end of the day, he shows Scrooge two starved children, Ignorance and Want, living under his coat. Then he vanishes.....

The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come leads Scrooge through a sequence of mysterious scenes relating to an unnamed man's recent death. Scrooge sees businessmen discussing the dead man's riches, some vagabonds trading his personal effects for cash, and a poor couple expressing relief at the death of their unforgiving creditor. Scrooge, anxious to learn the lesson of his latest visitor, begs to know the name of the dead man. After pleading with the ghost, Scrooge finds himself in a churchyard, the spirit pointing to a grave. Scrooge looks at the headstone and is shocked to read his own name. He desperately implores the spirit to alter his fate, promising to renounce his insensitive, avaricious ways and to honor Christmas with all his heart. He suddenly finds himself safely tucked in his bed......

Overwhelmed with joy by the chance to redeem himself and grateful that he has been returned to Christmas Day, Scrooge rushes out onto the street hoping to share his new found Christmas spirit. He sends a giant Christmas turkey to the Cratchit house and attends Fred's party, to the stifled surprise of the other guests. As the years go by, he holds true to his promise and honors Christmas with all his heart. He treats Tiny Tim as if he were his own child, provides lavish gifts for the poor, and treats his fellow human beings with kindness, generosity, and warmth.......